Wild Geranium

Wild GeraniumA perennial; green in color, weed is clusters of basal leaves and flowering stems with pink to lavender flowers in early to mid spring.  There are lower leaves that replicate upper lobed leaves that develop directly from the creeping rootstock. It appears in cool weather, sprouts sporadically throughout woodland shaded roadside areas with poor sunlight, but prefers moist soil. If uncontrolled, weed will spread and ruin the look of a uniform winter carpet in warm season lawns.

Persistent manual removal will help regain control of your lawn. Dig up entire root system and discard immediately. Apply postemergent herbicides before the flowering stage and either mulch or overseed bare areas to prevent new weed growth.

Chickweed

ChickweedChickweed is a winter annual broadleaf plant that is very common in new lawns. It sprouts and grows in cool, wet weather and can overrun your lawn in an instant. Above ground, the chickweed has small, white petals (five) at the top of the stem and blossom in clusters or individually. The stems are branch-like and slender with fine hairs along the side. The leaves are oval with long petioles and connect with each stem. The stems stay close to the ground and can root at the nodes, thus, creating a thick mat suffocating your lawn.

To effectively control chickweed, there are a few steps to follow pre and post planting seeds. The seedlings are flat, circular in shape and reddish brown in color and germinate from late fall to early spring. Herbicides, such as, dacthal or simazine will help prepare your lawn BEFORE you see any signs of weed growth. After the fact, you may want to use dicama or dichlorpop. If you begin to see some seedlings, and do not want to use herbicides, immediately start pulling them by hand. Underneath the surface, the chickweed is fragile and weak resulting in easy removal. Then, aerate your soil to help break up the milky-white substance surrounding the infected area, which hinders grass growth. Follow up with a great fertilizer and sufficient water and you will see signs of grass revival within 4 – 8 weeks.

Dandelion

DandelionA deep-rooted perennial, the Dandelion is a persistent weed as it appears in early spring and continues to thrive until your first frost date. It is green with oval, hairless leaves alternating along the stem. Yellow flower heads bloom atop single hollow stalks and produce seeds individually attached to a stem with white fluffy threads. These seeds will take flight and land in any soil to propagate. Below ground, taproots spread finger-like roots growing up to 10cm in length, securing their position.

To manually remove dandelions, water the infected area, penetrate into the soil along the taproot itself and pull everything (you will see milky, white substance when split). If any taproot is left behind, it will regenerate. Pre-emergent herbicides work best when applied 2 to 3 days before you mow. Wait a couple days afterward before mowing. Apply post-emergent herbicides after the summer season and it will reach the root stunting growth. It could be likely that your lawn is in poor health lacking nutrients if Dandelions appear. Cover all bare areas with grass clippings, dark plastic cover or landscape fabric to suffocate weed growth and rethink your soil and fertilizer options.

Clover

CloverThis three-leafed perennial indicates poor soil when it appears in your lawn. It thrives in cooler temperatures because of its hard seed coat and thick trifoliate leaves which block heat from its seedling. White clover is dark green in color with white or pink markings on its leaves and small pea-shaped flowers also pink or white. They germinate through seed and stem growth by creeping along the roots and nodes.

Ways to control or prevent weed growth includes, mulch, cultivation and great fertilizer. Test your soil’s pH levels to see what’s lacking. Clovers survive off of phosphorous, so reduce those levels and raise the nitrogen level, per your test results. Adding weight forces the clover to suffocate so mulch and a thick grass will aide in slowing clover production. Herbicides containing Isoxaben will help control the weed growth, but for only so long. After the clovers grow to 4 inches in height, you’ll be damaging surrounding plants more than controlling your weeds. This will be an ongoing process before total domination occurs.

Crabgrass

Crabgrass is a warm annual weed that thrives from sun exposure. The seeds sprout in spring and summer, can thrive from hot/dry conditions and die after the first fall frost. This yellowish green grass has finger-like stems with light purple markings and a white strip down the center. Crabgrass grows close to the ground at a rapid pace in weak areas of your lawn. Over watering will help the weed grow, as well as, an overall unhealthy lawn.

Crabgrass can be a year round problem as the seed can over winter and germinate until spring. If ground temperatures reach above 55 degrees, the seedlings will begin its process. A healthy lawn is the number 1 solution for controlling Crabgrass, so choose a fertilizer that bests suits your lawn and deep water to aid in drowning the weed, but don’t over do it. Irrigate if necessary and apply a pre-emergent herbicide before temperatures rise and before the seed germinates. Do not apply any herbicide around healthy grass and plant a thick, coarse grass to eliminate weed growth. Once the seed has germinated, manual removal and a post-emergent herbicide should slow down and growth.

Bulbs in October

Bulbs in OctoberThe crisp October weather provides ideal planting conditions for hardy bulbs, including  hyacinth, glory-of-th-snow, snowdrop, and scilla.  Planted in the fall these spring bloomers will have time to root in the cool soil before the ground freezes hard.

Mistletoe

I find it interesting that during the holiday season we hang and use mistletoe in our homes and carry on some tradition of kissing under the mistletoe which according to Christmas custom, any two people who meet under a hanging of mistletoe are obliged to kiss. The custom may be of Scandinavian origin.

I guess the bright greenery and the berries are a welcome addition during the holidays and add decoration to our festivities.  But it is interesting to find that mistletoe is actually a parasite that grows on tree limbs and kills the tree limbs by consuming its nutrients.  According to facts mistletoe is considered a pest that kills trees and devalues natural habitats. The parasitic plant has yellowish flowers, small yellowish green leaves, and waxy white berries.

I now understand why gathering mistletoe can be dangerous as it grows on dead tree limbs but it interesting that the lovely tradition of kissing under the mistletoe has endured for centuries even though it is a parasitic plant.

For the love of Chrysanthemum

chrysanthemum Fall is a wonderful time to experience the beauty of chrysanthemum in your garden and they have become a staple for outdoor fall decorating. This time of the year garden centers are selling millions of chrysanthemum for gardeners to plant for fall color as the chrysanthemum flowers are bought specifically for fall displays. Gardeners often fail to plant them early enough to allow the chrysanthemums to become established before frost as they should be planted at least 6 weeks (or more) before a killing frost.

Fortunately, there are hardy mums available in most flower forms. But once you’ve selected chrysanthemum flowers suitable for your area, you have to care for them properly. Pinching established plants will improve the plant’s looks, but pinching is only part of the formula. You also have to be ever-mindful that, while chrysanthemum flowers hold up against light frosts, hard frosts will damage the blooms you’ve worked so hard to produce. Your pinching activities, then, must be balanced with the fact that you’re in a race against time to get blooms before a hard frost: that’s why it’s so important to stop pinching at the right time, based on the cultivar you have. Stop pinching:

  • Early-blooming cultivars by mid-June late summer
  • To bloom in September by late June
  • To bloom in October by July 4

Since it’s so important to know what cultivar you’ll be working with, it’s wiser to buy mail-order mums (single-stemmed rooted cuttings) from a catalog and plant them in spring, rather than planting potted mums you’ve purchased in fall. In a good catalog, you have all the relevant information in front of you. Also, spring planting gives the plants longer to become established.

Cut Flower Care

Cut Flower CareYou have successfully produced flowers in your garden and you want to bring them indoors to enjoy.  By following these easy flower care tips will help to increase the longevity of your fresh cut flowers.

Certain varieties of fresh cut flowers last longer than others. Carnations, for example… can remain vibrant for long periods. Roses have a shorter vase life, but are prized for their special and delicate beauty. Whatever variety you choose, a little TLC will go a long way to keep your flowers looking fresh longer.

Keep your flowers in a cool area, 65 to 72 degrees Fahrenheit. Place your flowers out of direct sunlight, heating or cooling vents, and direct drafts from the sides or above. Don’t place your flowers on anything that gives off heat such as TV’s or heating radiators. Remove any leaves that will be under water in the vase.

Keep the vase filled with water containing and add floral food if possible. Be sure to follow the instructions on the floral food packet.  Floral food is a combination of ingredients that help to nourish the flowers and discourage bacteria growth in the water.

If the water in the vase becomes cloudy… replace the entire contents of the vase with fresh water and new floral food. You should re-cut the stems with a sharp knife removing 1″ to 2″ of the stem. Remove any leaves that will be below the water line to discourage bacterial growth that can clog the stem of the flowers.

Cut the stems with sharp pruning shears. Place the stems in tepid water containing fresh floral food… to promote flower opening. Also, cut flowers do not like Ethylene gas and sources of Ethylene gas include ripening fruits and vegetables, and cigarette smoke.

Aggressive garden plants to avoid

Give some real thought before planting these aggressive plant in you garden as they my take more control then you wish.

Chinese Lanterns—are aggressive plant and are great for dried arrangements, but the plant spreads quickly via its underground stems.  Once this plant is established you can spend years trying to eliminate it from you garden.

Common Yarrow—is a perennial that can be found listed in both weed and perennial books.  This blooming beauty tolerates hot, dry conditions and readily reseeds and spreads.  Very difficult to eliminate from your garden and you might want to select a less aggressive species that do not reseed.

Ribbon Grass—is a vigorous grower and is a 3 foot tall cream and green striped grass spreads by rhizomes.  Once it takes hold, it will weave itself throughout the garden and crowding out other perennials.

Giant Silver Banner Grass—is an aggressive ornamental grass.  Grows 5 to 6 feet tall and can quickly fill the garden, swale or any area where it is planted.  Be careful where you plant as it can take over any surrounding areas even wet or critical area spaces.

Moneywort—is a ground hugger that tolerates sun and shade as well as wet soils.  Yellow flowers resembling buttercup tops the coin-shaped green leaves in late spring.  The yellow cultivar Aurea is a bit aggressive than the species.  Avoid using moneywort near natural waterways, and be prepared to do a bit of weeding to control it.

Gooseneck loosestrife—a close relative to moneywort and is another aggressive grower.  The slender white spiky flowers are curved, hence their name.  If planted in your garden be prepared to lift and divide yearly to keep it in check.

Ajuga—is a popular ground cover recommended for shady locations.  This vigorous grower will expand into other garden areas including sunny locations.  Consider less aggressive cultivars, or us a physical edge, walk or other barrier o keep contained.

Obedient Plant—unlike its name, it does not behave.  This rapidly spreading plant is 2 to 4 feet tall and blooms in late summer and fall.  Plant his is your perennial garden only if you can keep it in check.